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Fall-2013
Master of
Business Administration - MBA Semester 3
OM0010 – Foundation
of Quality Management-4 Credits
(Book ID: B1240)
Assignment
(60 Marks)
Q1. What are the
effects of Global Competition on the industries in India?
(Global Competition
Quality-3 marks, Customer Service-3 marks, Cost Challenges Advanced
Technologies-3 marks, Conclusion-1 marks) 10 marks.
Answer. Global
Competition Quality
Due to rapid globalisation,
industries in most countries are facing intense competition. Developed
countries look for new markets for their products in new countries as their own
home markets are maturing, while the emerging economies churn out superior
products offered at lower prices since the industries in their countries look
for larger markets. Tremendous growth in transportation and communication has
made accessing the modern and distant market easier. The entire world can be
perceived today as a „Global Village‟5, wherein economic events
in one country promptly affect other countries. China and India, with their
very large populations, have
Q2. How is ‘Economies
of Scope’ different from ‘Economies of Scale’?
(Explanation of
‘Economies of Scope’ and ‘Economies of Scale’ -2 marks, Differences-5 marks,
Examples-2 marks, Conclusion-1 marks) 10 marks
Answer. Economies of
Scope
Many businesses, due to the
competitive market, are forced to broaden into manufacture of different types
of products, and achieve higher volumes only through the variety of products.
Efficient and flexible operations systems can develop this process. This
approach is called the „Economies of Scope
Economies of Scale
The concept of „Economies of Scale‟
Q3. List and explain
the six basic steps involved in preparing a forecast
(1. Understand and
specify the purpose of the forecast
2. Establish a
time-horizon of the forecast
3. Select the suitable
forecasting technique
4. Mobilise relevant
data and analyse the same
5. Prepare the forecast
6. Monitor the accuracy
of the forecast) 10 marks
Answer. The
Forecasting Process
Forecasting process is the
mechanism for approaching for participation from people who are experienced and
have the capability to predict the future events and arrange them in a sequence
to develop a format. It generally defines on how to gather and arrange the
information in a logical order. The forecasting process consists of six basic
steps:
1. Understand and specify
the purpose of the forecast: It is necessary to express for what purpose
and when the forecast is to be used so that the level of detail and accuracy
required, and the resources that can be justified can be examined. For example,
if the firm is interested in introducing a new product within the next six
months, or if the production department want to plan next month‟s
production to meet the market demand, or, if the top management Adjusting the
forecast as the information flows, in case of absence of historical data.
Q4. Explain Johnson’s
rule for sequencing and how it is different from CDS algorithm
(Purpose or use of
alogorithm-2 marks, steps to be taken-4 marks, differences-3marks, conclusion-1mark)
10 marks
Answer. Johnson’s
Algorithm of Sequencing
This algorithm is used for
sequencing of n jobs through two work centres.
The purpose is to minimise
idle time on machines and reduce the total time
taken for completing all
the jobs. There are no priority rules since all jobs
have equal priority. The
order of the operations will be machine1 first and
machine 2 next.
The steps to be taken are:
i) Choose the job which has
the shortest processing time in any of the two
work centres.
Q5. How does Crosby’s
absolute of quality differ from Deming’s principles?
(Similarities between the two to
understand the need of differentiating-3 marks, Differences in approach-5
marks, Conclusion-2 marks) 10 marks
Answer.
Deming's Philosophy on TQM
Plan, Deming counsels that businesses should
design quality products and services that customers want, develop processes and
systems that reduce waste and increase quality and decrease the cost of
production.
Deming
wanted to revolutionize the way Beefy's Burgers produces burgers. To gain a
better understanding of the customer preferences, he surveyed everyone involved
in the operation, from the customers to the employees. He even called his
suppliers in to get their opinions. From the information collected, Deming was
able to determine a few important things. Beefy's was competitive on price.
However, the burger was small and flavorless.
He called
his employees in and
Q6. Analyse the various types of
Probability distribution
(Brief description of Discrete
Distribution and Continuous Distribution -5 marks, Discrete Distribution Vs.
Continuous Distribution-4 marks, Conclusion-1 marks) 10 marks
Answer.
Probability Distribution
a probability distribution is a mathematical model that
relates the value of the variable, with the probability of occurrence of that
value in the population. In other words, we might visualise piston-ring
diameter as a random variable. This is because it takes on different values in
the population according to some random mechanism. Then, the probability
distribution of ring diameter describes the probability of occurrence, of any
value of ring diameter, in the population.
Types of Probability Distribution
There are two types of
Probability Distribution:
Ø Discrete Distribution
Ø Continuous Distribution
1. Discrete Distribution: When the parameter being
measured can only take on certain values, such as the integers
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