MB0045-Financial Management

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Master of Business Administration- MBA Semester 2

MB0045-Financial Management-4 Credits

(Book ID: B1628)

Assignment (60 Marks)

Note: Answer all questions within 400 words each. Each Question carries 10 marks 6 X 10=60

Q1. Critically analyze the four broad areas of strategic financing decision.

Answer. Strategic financing decision:

An important decision which finance manager has to take is deciding source of finance. A company can raise finance from various sources such as by issue of shares, debentures or by taking loan and advances. Deciding how much to raise from which source is concern of financing decision. Mainly sources of finance can be divided into two categories:

1. Owners fund.

2. Borrowed fund.

Share capital and retained earnings constitute owners’ fund and debentures, loans, bonds, etc. constitute borrowed fund.

The main concern of finance manager is to decide how much to raise from owners’ fund and how much to rise from borrowed fund.

While taking this decision the finance manager compares the advantages and disadvantages of different sources of finance. The borrowed funds have to be paid back and involve some degree of risk whereas in owners’ fund there is no fix commitment of repayment and there is no risk involved. But finance manager prefers a mix of both types. Under financing decision finance manager fixes a ratio of owner fund and borrowed fund in the capital structure of the company.

Factors Affecting Financing Decisions:

While taking financing decisions the finance manager keeps in mind the following factors:

1. Cost:

The cost of raising finance from various sources is different and finance managers always prefer the source with minimum cost.

2. Risk:

More risk is associated with borrowed fund as compared to owner’s fund securities. Finance manager compares the risk with the cost involved and prefers securities with moderate risk factor.

3. Cash Flow Position:

The cash flow position of the company also helps in selecting the securities. With smooth and steady cash flow companies can easily afford borrowed fund securities but when companies have shortage of cash flow, then they must go for owner’s fund securities only.

4. Control Considerations:

If existing shareholders want to retain the complete control of business then they prefer borrowed fund securities to raise further fund. On the other hand if they do not mind to lose the control then they may go for owner’s fund securities.

5. Floatation Cost:

It refers to cost involved in issue of securities such as broker’s commission, underwriters fees, expenses on prospectus, etc. Firm prefers securities which involve least floatation cost.

6. Fixed Operating Cost:

If a company is having high fixed operating cost then they must prefer owner’s fund because due to high fixed operational cost, the company may not be able to pay interest on debt securities which can cause serious troubles for company.

7. State of Capital Market:

The conditions in capital market also help in deciding the type of securities to be raised. During boom period it is easy to sell equity shares as people are ready to take risk whereas during depression period there is more demand for debt securities in capital market.

Q2. What is FVIFA? Is it different from Sinking fund factor?

A finance company offers to pay Rs. 44,650 after five years to investors who deposit annually Rs. 6,000 for five years. Calculate the rate of interest implicit in this offer.

Answer.

Q3. A firm owns a machine furnishes the following information:

The firm follows straight line method of depreciation (permitted by the Income-tax authorities). The management of the company is now considering selling of the machine. If it does so, the total operating costs to perform the work, now done by the machine, will increase by Rs. 40,000 p.a.

Answer. Cash Inflows (if machine is sold)

Q4. How will you compute the cost of equity capital using CAPM?

The Xavier Corporation, a dynamic growth firm which pays no dividends, anticipates a long-run level of future earnings of Rs. 7 per share. The current market price of Xavier’s share is Rs. 55.45. Floatation costs for the sale of new equity shares would average about 10 % of the price of the shares. What is the cost of new equity capital to Xavier Corporation?

Answer. The cost of equity capital using CAPM:-

This model establishes a relationship between the required rate of return of a security and its systematic

Q5. Jharkhand Mining ltd. has to select one of the two alternative projects whose particulars are furnished below:

The company can arrange necessary funds @ 8 %. Compute the NPV and IRR of each project and comment on the results. Is there any contradiction in the results? If so, state the reason for such contradictions. How would you propose to resolve the contradictions?

Answer.

Q6. Premier Steel Ltd. has a present annual sales turnover of Rs. 40, 00,000. The unit sale price is Rs. 20. The variable costs are Rs. 12 per unit and fixed costs amount to Rs. 5, 00,000 per annum. The present credit period of 1 month is proposed to be extended to either 2 or 3 months whichever is profitable. The following additional information is available:

Fixed costs will increase by Rs. 75,000 when sales increase by 30 %. The company requires a pre-tax return on investment of 20 %. Evaluate the profitability of the proposals and recommend the best credit period for the company.

Answer.

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MB0051–Legal Aspects of Business

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Master of Business Administration- MBA Semester 3

MB0051–Legal Aspects of Business-4 Credits

(Book ID: B1725)

Assignment (60 Marks)

Note: Answer all questions must be written within 300 to 400 words each. Each Question carries 10 marks 6 X 10=60

Q1. Explain the performance of contracts.

Answer. Performance of a contract takes effect when the parties to the contract fulfill their obligations within the time and manner specified under the contract.

Sections 2 (d), 23-25 and 185 of the Indian Contracts Act deal with consideration. One of the essential elements of a valid contract is that it must be supported by consideration. In simple terms, consideration is what a promisor demands as the price for his/her promise. The term consideration is used in the sense of quid pro quo, i.e.,

Q2. Elaborate the rights of surety.

Answer. The rights of a surety are:

Rights against the creditor

In case of fidelity guarantee, the surety can direct a creditor to dismiss the employee whose honesty he/she has guaranteed, in the event of proven dishonesty of the employee. The creditor’s failure to do so will exonerate the surety

Q3. Discuss the termination of bailment.

Answer. Law relating to termination of bailment is discussed in Section. 153 and 162. However, these sections are not exhaustive. Hence ordinary rules regarding discharge or termination of contracts will also apply in the following cases:

1. When the period or purpose is over:

In case the bailment is for a specific period or purpose, it is terminated on the expiry of that period or on the completion of the purpose.

2. When the

Q5. Discuss the law related to the prohibition of anti-competitive agreements. (Explanation)

Answer. Section 3 provides for prohibition of entering into anti-competitive agreements. Accordingly, no enterprise or person or association of enterprises/persons shall enter into any agreement in respect of production, supply, distribution, storage, acquisition or control of goods or provision of services, which causes or is likely to cause an appreciable adverse effect on competition within India. Any agreement entered into in

Q6. Explain the need and types of meetings.

Answer. The need and types of meetings are

A company is an artificial person and therefore, must act through some human intermediary. The various provisions of law empower shareholders to do certain things. They are specifically reserved for them to be done in company’s general meetings. Section 291 empowers the Board of Directors to manage the affairs of the company. In this context, meetings of shareholders and directors become necessary. The Act has made provisions for following

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MB0050–Research Methodology

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Master of Business Administration- MBA Semester 3

MB0050–Research Methodology-4 Credits

(Book ID: B1700)

Assignment (60 Marks)

Note: Answer all questions must be written within 300 to 400 words each. Each Question carries 10 marks 6 X 10=60

Q1. What do you mean by Focus Group Discussion? Explain the key elements of a focus group.

Answer. Focus Group Discussions

Exploratory analysis is carried out by discussions with individuals associated with the problem under study. This technique is actively used in business research. In a typical focus group, there is a carefully selected small set of individual’s representative of the larger respondent population under study. It is called a focus group as the selected members discuss

Q2. Discuss the concepts involved in Testing of Hypothesis. Also discuss the steps involved in testing the hypothesis.

Answer. Concepts in Testing of Hypothesis:

Null hypothesis: The hypotheses that are proposed with the intent of receiving a rejection for them are called null hypotheses. In this we hypothesize the opposite of what is desired to be proved. For example, if we want to show that sales and advertisement expenditure are related, we formulate the null hypothesis

Q3. What do you mean by exploratory research design? Explain the types of exploratory research design.

Answer. Exploratory research, as the name states, intends merely to explore the research questions and does not intend to offer final and conclusive solutions to existing problems.

Conducted in order to determine the nature of the problem, exploratory research is not intended to provide conclusive evidence, but helps us to have a better understanding of the problem. Saunders et al. (2007, p.134) warn that when conducting exploratory research, the researcher ought to be willing to change his/her

Q4. Explain the Structure of the Research Report. What are the guidelines for effective report writing?

Answer. Structure of the Research Report

The reporting requires a structured format and by and large, the process is standardized. As stated above, the major difference amongst the types of reports is that all the elements that make a research report would be present only in a detailed technical report. Usage of theoretical and technical jargon would be higher in the technical report and visual presentation of data would be higher in the management report.

The process of report

Q5. Explain the any three types of comparative and non-comparative scales of each in detail.

Answer. A comparative scale is an ordinal or rank order scale that can also be referred to as a nonmetric scale.  Respondents evaluate two or more objects at one time and objects are directly compared with one another as part of the measuring process.  For example you could ask someone if they prefer listening to MP3s through a Zune or an iPod. You could take it a step further and add some other MP3 player brands to the comparison.  MP3 players would be scaled relative to each other and the scale position of any one player would depend on the the scale position of the remaining players.  Because they are being compared differences such as who has the click wheel

Q6. What do you mean by Research Problem? Explain the steps involved in research problem identification process.

Answer. Specifying the research question is one of the first methodological steps the investigator has to take when undertaking research. The research question must be accurately and clearly defined.

Choosing a research question is the central element of both quantitative and qualitative research and in some cases it may precede construction

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PM0018-Contracts Management in Projects

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Master of Business Administration- MBA Semester 4

PM0018-Contracts Management in Projects-4 Credits

(Book ID: B2014)

Assignment (60 Marks)

Note: Answer all questions must be written within 300 to 400 words each. Each Question carries 10 marks 6 X 10=60.

Q1. Explain the essential elements of a project contract.

Answer. Essential elements of project contract:-

1. Aim of project - The aim of the project is a mixture of the reasons for doing the project and the benefits that are expected from it. This section of the plan can be either fulfilled by linking to the main business case, or by restating it in

Q2. Explain the steps involved in the contract closure process. (Explain the EIGHT steps involved in the contract closure process)

Answer. Step 1:  Determining who Responsible is for Contract Closeout

a. The first step in contract closeout is to determine who is responsible for closing out the contract.  Check the “Administrated By

Q3. What is an outsourcing contract? What is its key content?

Answer. Outsourcing contracts can be complex affairs, but a good outsourcing contract will examine service level agreements, penalties and rewards, timeframes and measurements, regular reviews, and exit strategies.

Outsourcing itself can cover any or all IT system operations, with some organisations choosing to outsource their whole IT

Q4. Discuss the process of procurement.

Answer. Generally, the procurement process involves six broad stages. These can help agencies check their procurement activity against best practice recommendations. This process is common to all categories of procurement. The relative importance of the different stages within the process will depend on the size and type of procurement

Q5. What is contract management? Describe its important features.

Answer. Contract management is the process of managing contract creation, execution and analysis to maximize operational and financial performance at an organization, all while reducing financial risk. Organizations encounter an ever-increasing amount of pressure to reduce costs and improve company performance. Contract management proves to be a

Q6. Write short notes on:

• Software development agreements

• Bill of quantities method of pricing project contracts

• Reasons for why an organization uses standard form of contract

• Post bid review

Answer. a. A written software development agreement is key to getting the product you want (if you are the client), getting paid (if you are the developer), preventing disputes, and providing ways to solve problems if they develop. And, if the parties end up in court, it

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PM0017–Project Quality Management

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Master of Business Administration- MBA Semester 4

PM0017–Project Quality Management-4 Credits

(Book ID: B2013)

Assignment (60 Marks)

Note: Answer all questions must be written within 300 to 400 words each. Each Question carries 10 marks 6 X 10=60.

Q1. Cost of quality is the amalgamation of several management costs. Which are these costs?

Answer. Costs of quality or quality costs do not mean the use of expensive or very highly quality materials to manufacture a product. The term refers to the costs that are incurred to prevent, detect and remove defects from products. Quality costs are categorized into four main types. The “cost of quality” isn’t the price of creating a

Q2. What is Project Quality Management Plan (PQMP)? Mention its objectives and the areas it covers.

Answer. The Project Quality Management Plan defines the acceptable level of quality, which is typically defined by the customer, and describes how the project will ensure this level of quality in its deliverables and work processes. Quality management activities ensure that:

- Products are built to meet agreed- upon

Q3. List a few characteristics of a mature project quality control process. What are the functions of quality control?

Answer. Characteristics:-

1. Prioritize Risk

Successful project risk management prioritizes risks, or establishes risk analysis as an activity on a level equal to that of cost, time,

Q4. Explain the seven steps of Basili’s GQM process.

Answer. Steps:-

1. Establishing Goals.

2. Generating Questions.

3. Specifying the measures.

4. Preparing for

Q5. Explain the various tools that can be used for analysing project processes.

Answer. Tools:-

1. Critical path method (CPM) is an algorithm for scheduling a set of project activities in a straight line.

2. Critical chain project management is a method of planning and managing projects that emphasizes the resources required to execute project tasks.

3. Program

Q6. What major human factors affect project quality?

Answer. 1. Past experience (historical data): If the project is similar to past projects with slight differences, then the time and costs of those projects can be utilized as a reference or a template for the current project’s estimates with small adjustments reflecting those differences. This would help project managers in quickly developing

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PM0016–Project Risk Management

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Master of Business Administration- MBA Semester 4

PM0016–Project Risk Management-4 Credits

(Book ID: B2012)

Assignment (60 Marks)

Note: Answer all questions must be written within 300 to 400 words each. Each Question carries 10 marks 6 X 10=60.

Q1. Explain the types of project risks.

Answer. Project risk management is a project management activity that involves identifying, assessing, measuring, documenting, communicating, avoiding, mitigating, transferring, accepting, controlling and managing risk. The process of identifying risks is intuitive for experienced project managers. The following types of risks (risk

Q2. What are the four quadrants of the risk probability and impact matrix?

Answer. The Risk Impact/Probability Chart is based on the principle that a risk has two primary dimensions:

Probability – A risk is an event that "may" occur. The probability of it occurring can range anywhere from just above 0 percent to just below 100 percent. (

Q3. What are the outputs of a qualitative risk analysis? What are the key inputs used in risk planning?

Answer. Outputs from Qualitative Risk Analysis

1. Overall risk ranking for the project. Risk ranking may indicate the overall risk position of a project relative to other projects by comparing the risk scores. It can be used to assign personnel or other resources to projects with different risk rankings, to make a benefit-cost analysis decisions about the project, or to support a recommendation for project

Q4. What are the sources of schedule risk?

Answer. Schedule risks

1. Delays

2. Dependencies

Q5. What are the different tools used for analysing project constraints? How does SWOT analysis help in

Answer. Tools:-

1. Critical path method (CPM) is an algorithm for scheduling a set of project activities in a straight line.

2. Critical chain project management is a

Q6. Explain project review.

• Explain the purpose of project review

• Describe Scheduling project review

• Mention the objectives of project review

• Describe how the review is conducted

Answer. There can be multiple purposes for a review.

1. Find out the real status of a project (protect the investment in the project)

2. Review the project manager

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PM0015–Quantitaive Methods in Project Management

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Master of Business Administration- MBA Semester 4

PM0015–Quantitaive Methods in Project Management-4 Credits

(Book ID: B2011)

Assignment (60 Marks)

Note: Answer all questions must be written within 300 to 400 words each. Each Question carries 10 marks 6 X 10=60.

Q1. Explain how Kano model is used by companies to analyse customer needs.

Answer. Balanced scorecard model:

The balanced scorecard has evolved from its early use as a simple performance measurement framework to a full strategic planning and management system. The “new” balanced scorecard transforms an organization’s strategic plan from an attractive but passive document into the "marching orders" for the organization on a daily basis. It provides a framework that not only provides performance measurements, but helps planners

Q2. a. Explain the concept of expected value.

b. Suppose project A and B are under construction. The possible profit outcomes of project A are USD 1000 (0.4 probability) and USD 300 (0.6 probability). Project B has profit outcomes of USD 900 (0.6 probability) and 200 (0.4 probability). Calculate the expected values of profit to be generated by the two projects.

Answer. a. Elucidate the concept of expected value:

In statistics and probability analysis, expected value is calculated by multiplying each of the possible outcomes by the likelihood that each outcome will occur, and summing all of those values. By calculating expected values, investors can choose the scenario that is most likely to give them their desired outcome.

The concept of expected value of a random variable is one of the most important concepts in probability theory. It was first devised in the 17th

Q3. Write short notes on:

a. Project scoping process

b. Resource assignment matrix

Answer. a. Project scoping process:

The project scoping process is the first step in the project development process. This process is undertaken to determine what the project should entail and what potential impacts exist.

It involves identifying and describing the work that is needed to produce the product of the project in sufficient detail to ensure that:

1. The project team understands

Q4. Explain the various expense items in a project.

Answer. At some point in your organization, your plan for your future will include a look at your income and expenses. You may find jotting a budget easy. Others prefer never to have to look at the budget part of their activities and rely on their fiscal department or someone else to take care of all “that money stuff.” If you are one of the latter types, seek skills about managing money, funding, and budgeting, so you can understand and direct your

Q5. What are the major steps in time management process? What is rolling wave planning?

Answer. The Steps of the Time Management Process

1. Defining Activities

When it comes to a project, there are a few levels for identifying activities. First of all, the high-level requirements are broken down into high-level tasks or deliverables.

Then, based on the task granularity, the

Q6. What are the steps that should be followed to construct a “house of quality”?

Answer. The Voice of the Customers

The initial steps in forming the House of Quality include determining, clarifying, and specifying the customers’ needs. These steps lay the foundation for a clearly defined venture and will ensure a project or process is well thought out prior to any further development. Clarifying Customer Needs Customers buy benefits and producers offer features. This seems like a relatively simple notion, however, unless customers and producers are perfectly in

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