MS-10 - Organisational Design Development and Change

 

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Management Programme

 

MS-10: Organisational Design, Development and Change

 

Q1. Briefly explain the difference between organizational effectiveness and organizational efficiency. Describe the factors which affect an organizational design.

Ans. Organizational efficiency is all about figuring out how you can be more effective by using fewer resources, as well as less time and less money to achieve the same goal. Organizational efficiency is time-based, effort-based and measurable.

The primary difference between organizational effectiveness and organizational efficiency is that you can use effectiveness to evaluate just about every process that makes your business run. Efficiency, however, is always about the financial costs and the results of doing something. Efficiency is especially important when it comes to measuring the return-on-investment of marketing and sales. As a small business owner, you’re probably not working with unlimited resources, so you need to find ways to maximize the resources you have.

 

Q2. Discuss and describe emerging trends in work organisation and how it helps in work life balance.

Ans.

 

Q3. Briefly discuss the purpose of organizational analysis. Describe the elements that to be reviewed while analysing an organisation.

Ans.

 

Q4. Discuss and describe different stages of organizational development.

Ans.

 

Q5. Describe the role of a change agent and the competencies required to be a successful change agent.

Ans.

 

 

 

 

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MS-09 - Managerial Economics

 

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Management Programme

 

MS-09: Managerial Economics

 

Q1. “Profit Maximization is the main objective of a firm”. Discuss this statement with the help of an example.

Ans. Most production firms are risk averse and adapt their objective of profit maximization to maximizing the expected utility. Returns have to be incorporated in the context of their riskiness.

Profits can't tell us the true financial strength of a company. ... If profit maximization is the ultimate goal of the firm, they will look into the total profit that often tend managers to take wrong decisions while investing. It happens because they believe that profit maximization is the ultimate goal.

 

Q2. What are the marketing approaches to demand measurement? Explain how the Delphi Technique is different from Market Experiments Technique?

Ans.

 

Q3. Find (1) the marginal and (2) the average cost functions for the following total cost function. Calculate them at Q=4 and Q=6

TC=3Q2+7Q+12

Ans.

 

Q4. Oligopoly is the most prevalent form of market structure in the manufacturing sector. Describe this statement with the help of an example.

Ans.

 

 

Q5. Does Price Discrimination exist in the real world? Discuss with reference to any particular product or service?

Ans.

 

Q6. Write short notes on the following: -

(a) Market Demand Schedule

(b) Direct Costs and Indirect Costs

(c) Peak Load Pricing

 

 

 

 

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MS-08 - Quantitative Analysis for Managerial Applications

 

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Management Programme

 

MS-08: Quantitative Analysis for Managerial Applications

 

Q1. Comment on the statement “Statistics is the science and art of handling aggregate of facts – observing, enumerating, recording, classifying and other wise systematically treating them”.

Ans. “Statistics is the science which deals with the methods of collecting, classifying, presenting, comparing and interpreting numerical data collected to throw some light on any sphere of enquiry”

Collection of Data: Once the nature of study is decided, it becomes essential to collect information in form of data about the issues of the study. Therefore, the collection of data is the first basic step. Data may be collected either from primary source or secondary or from both the sources depending upon the objective/s of the investigation.

 

Q2. Calculate Spearman’s coefficient of ranks correlation from the following data:

X : 53  98  95  81  75  61  59  55

Y : 47  25  32  37  30  40  39  45

Ans.

 

Q3. Suppose that a day’s production schedule calls for 9000 items. Three machines A, B and C each with a daily production capacity of 4000 have the probability that an item is defective on them as 1, 2 and 4 percent respectively. On a given day 4000 items were produced on A, 4000 on B and 1000 on C. One item is selected at random and found defective. What is the probability that it was produced on either A or B?

Ans.

 

Q4. Two types of batteries are tested for their length of life and the following data are obtained:

                        No. of Samples                        Mean Life (Hrs.)                      Sample Variance

Type A                         9                                              600                                          121

Type B                         8                                              640                                          144

 

Is there a significant difference in the two means? (t for 15 df at 5% level= 2.131)

Ans.

 

 

Q5. Write short notes on:

(1) Normal Distribution

(2) Level of significance

(3) Degree of freedom

Ans.

 

 

 

 

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MS-07 - Information Systems for Managers

 

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Management Programme

 

MS-07: Information Systems for Managers

 

Q1. Explain the difference between commercial software, shareware, open source software, freeware and public domain software.

Ans. Shareware software is distributed at low (or sometimes no) cost, but usually requires payment and registration for full legal use. Copies are distributed on a trial basis. You are free to test the software, see if it matches your needs, and decide whether it's a good value. Order forms or advertisements included in the program or on the distribution disk usually tell you how to register the program and what fee is required.

Open source software is the computer software developed either by an individual, group or an organization to meet certain requirements and it is available for any modifications based on its developing body’s interest.

 

Q2. What are various ways of assessing the value of information? Explain each method briefly?

Ans.

 

Q3. Computers are often referred to as ‘number crunchers’. Evaluate the statement in the context of financial planning.

Ans.

 

Q4. In which phase of system life cycle the following are performed? Defining the problem, identifying its causes, specifying the solution, and identifying the information requirements.

Ans.

 

 

Q5. In the context of a data warehouse:

(a) What is a concept hierarchy?

(b) What do you mean by factual information?

(c) What is a snowflake schema?

 

 

 

 

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MS-06 - Marketing for Managers

 

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Management Programme

 

MS-06: Management of Machines and Materials

 

Q1. a) Explain the term marketing with suitable examples. Discuss the elements of marketing mix and their role in strategy development.

b) With the help of secondary data sources (published or internet) try and collect relevant and recent material in the last five years with regard to infrastructure sector which indicates the type of marketing effort is being made to develop and promote infrastructure sector.

Ans. A. The marketing mix refers to the set of actions, or tactics, that a company uses to promote its brand or product in the market. The 4Ps make up a typical marketing mix - Price, Product, Promotion and Place. However, nowadays, the marketing mix increasingly includes several other Ps like Packaging, Positioning, People and even Politics as vital mix elements.

The 4Ps marketing mix concept (also known as the 4ps of marketing) was introduced by Jerome McCarthy in his book: "Basic Marketing: A Managerial Approach". It refers to the thoughtfully designed blend of strategies and practices a company uses to drive business and successful product promotion. Initially 4, these elements were product, price, place and promotion, which were later expanded by including people, packaging and process.

 

Q2. a) Distinguish between products and services with suitable illustrations. Discuss the concept of service and the reasons for growth of the sector in the last five years (collect data from published and internet sources).

b) What is the concept of product life cycle (PLC)? Discuss the various stages of PLC in the following situations.

(i) any SUV model of your choice

(ii) electric bike

Ans.

 

Q3. a) Explain and discuss the concept of a segment in marketing. Take a hypothetical example of your choice and explain the bases for segmentation and the decision to select its segment.

(b) Who is a consumer? Why knowledge of consumer behaviour is important for marketers in the design and development of firms offering? Illustrate.

Ans.

 

Q4. a) Explain the importance of branding in marketing of goods and services. Select a suitable brand name and discuss the branding decisions that you would consider in the following situations.

(a) a premium soap for men

(b) gearless motorcycle for women from a leading manufacturer.

b) As a Manager, you have been assigned the task of sales forecasting for the following periods.

(a) Short term for – 6 months

(b) Midterm for – 2 years

(c) Long term for – 4-5 years

How would you go about in undertaking the said task for a small passenger car? Discuss the determinants, approaches and evaluation criteria that you wish to consider. Justify.

Ans.

 

 

 

 

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MS-05 - Management of Machines and Materials

 

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Management Programme

 

MS-05: Management of Machines and Materials

 

Q1. “Product development and design is basically a research and development activity”. Elaborate the statement with suitable examples.

Ans. Product development typically refers to all of the stages involved in bringing a product from concept or idea through market release and beyond. In other words, product development incorporates a product’s entire journey.

 

There are many steps to this process, and it’s not the same path for every organization, but these are the most common stages through which products typically progress:

 

Identifying a market need—Products solve problems. Identifying a problem that needs solving (or a better way of being solved) is where this journey should begin. Conversations with potential customers, surveys, and other user research activities can inform this step.

Quantifying the opportunity—Not every problem is problematic enough to warrant a product-based solution. The pain it causes and the number of people or organizations it impacts can determine whether it’s a worthy problem to solve and if people are willing to pay for a solution (be it with money or their data).

Conceptualizing the product—Some solutions may be obvious, while others may be less intuitive. Here’s where the team puts in the effort and applies their creativity to devising how a product might serve its needs.

Validating the solution—Before too much time is spent prototyping and design, whether the proposed solution is viable should be tested. This can still happen at the conceptual level. Still, it is an early test to see whether the particular product idea is worth pursuing further or if it will be rejected or only lightly adopted by the target user.

Building the product roadmap—With a legitimate product concept in hand, product management can build out the product roadmap, identifying which themes and goals are central to develop first to solve the most significant pain points and spark adoption.

Developing a minimum viable product (MVP)—This initial version of the product needs just enough functionality to be used by customers.

 

Q2. Please explain why the in-process inventory is likely to be higher for an intermittent operation than for a continuous flow operation?

Ans.

 

Q3. Define job design. List the important factors that must be addressed in job design and briefly discuss the importance of each one.

Ans.

 

Q4. What is the utility of maintenance performance indices? Discuss a few of them.

Ans.

 

Q5. What do you understand by automated storage and retrieval? For what kinds of goods and in which companies in India do you think such systems would be appropriate?

Ans.

 

 

 

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MS-04 - Accounting and Finance for Managers

 

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Management Programme

 

MS-04: Accounting and Finance for Managers

 

Q1. Accounting is closely associated with control". Explain the statement and discuss the role of accounting feedback in the process of control. What do you understand by Internal Audit? How do the functions of an internal auditor differ from that of External Auditor?

Ans. Internal audit refers to the department located within a business that monitors the efficacy of its processes and controls. The internal audit function is especially necessary in larger organizations with high levels of process complexity, where it is easier for process failures and control breaches to occur.

An external audit is an examination that is conducted by an independent accountant. This type of audit is most commonly intended to result in a certification of the financial statements of an entity. This certification is required by certain investors and lenders, and for all publicly-held businesses.

 

Q2. You are required to prepare a Schedule of Changes in Working Capital and a Statement showing Sources and Application of Funds for XYZ Ltd. The following is the condensed Balance sheet of XYZ Ltd. at the beginning and at the end of the year 2021

Particulars	As at 1-1-2021		As at 31-12-2021
Assets
Cash and bank balances	50,000		40,000
Sundry debtors	77,000		73,000
Short-term investments	1,10,000		84,000
Prepaid expenses	1,000		2,000
Stock-in-trade	92,000		1,06,000
Freehold land and sheds	1,00,000		1,00,000
Plant and machinery	72,000		80,000
5,02,000		4,85,000
Liabilities and Capital
Sundry creditors	1,03,000		96,000
Outstanding expenses	13,000		22,000
5% Debentures	90,000		70,000
Depreciation fund	40,000		44,000
Reserve for contingencies	60,000		50,000
Profit and loss account	16,000		23,000
Share capital	1,80,000		1,80,000
5,02,000		4,85,000

 

Additional information available is:

(a) Dividend was paid @ 10%.

(b) During the year and old machinery costing Rs. 12,000 was sold for Rs. 4,000, on which accumulated depreciation was Rs. 6,000 and a new machinery of Rs. 20,000 was purchased. The factory sheds are fully depreciated.

(c) 5% Debentures of face value of Rs. 100 each worth Rs. 20,000 were redeemed by purchase from the open market at Rs. 96 each.

(d) Rs. 10,000 was debited to the contingency reserve for settlement of previous tax liability.

(e) Investment worth Rs. 26,000 were sold at book value.

Ans.

 

Q3. Explain the technique of Marginal Costing and Absorption Costing. Taking a suitable example prepare a Profit and Loss Account according to Marginal Costing and Absorption Costing.

Ans.

 

Q4. A firm has sales of Rs. 75, 00,000 variable cost of Rs. 42, 00,000 and fixed cost of Rs. 6,00,000. It has a debt of Rs. 45, 00,000 at 9% and equity of Rs. 55, 00,000.

(i) What is the firm’s ROI?

(ii) Does it have favourable financial leverage?

(iii) If the firm belongs to an industry whose asset turnover is 3, does it have high or low asset leverage?

(iv) What are the operating, financial and combined leverages of the firm?

(v) If the sales drop to Rs. 50.00.000, what will be the new EBIT?

(vi) At what level the EBT of the firm will be equal to zero?

Ans.

 

Q5. Discuss the concept of Working Capital. As a financial manager which factors would you take into consideration while estimating working capital needs of your firm.

Ans.

 

 

 

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