FALL-2015
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MBA Semester
3
QM0021-Statistical
Process Control
(Book ID: B1725)
Assignment (60 Marks)
Note: Answer
all questions must be written within 300 to 400 words each. Each Question
carries 10 marks 6 X 10=60.
Q1. (a) What are the two main causes
of variation? Explain.
(b) Define the term ‘process’. Give
an example of process.
Answer. a. Common and special causes are the
two distinct origins of variation in a process, as defined in the statistical
thinking and methods of Walter A. Shewhart and W. Edwards Deming. Briefly,
"common causes", also called Natural patterns, are the usual,
historical, quantifiable variation in a system, while "special
causes" are unusual, not previously observed, non-quantifiable variation.
In
manufacturing, quality is defined
Q2. (a) What is meant by Standard
Deviation?
(b) Calculate the standard deviation
of the following data, which represents the number of defective products by a
machine: 4, 2, 5, 8 and 6.
Answer. a. Standard deviation: In statistics, the standard
deviation (SD, also represented by the Greek letter sigma σ or s) is a measure
that is used to quantify the amount of variation or dispersion of a set of data
values. A standard deviation close to 0 indicates that the data points tend to
be very close to the mean (also called the expected value) of the set, while a
high standard deviation indicates that the data points are spread out over a
wider
Q3. a) Give the meaning of the
following basic terminologies in Probability:
i) Sample Space
ii) Mutually Exclusive events
b) Mention the properties of
probability.
c) Define the term ‘random variable’.
Answer. a. In
probability theory, the sample space of an experiment or random trial is the
set of all possible outcomes or results of that experiment. A sample space
is usually denoted using set notation, and the possible outcomes are listed as
elements in the set. It is common to refer to a sample space by the labels S,
Ω, or U (for "universal set").
For example, if the experiment is tossing a coin, the sample space is
typically the set {head, tail}. For tossing two coins, the
Q4. (a) Differentiate between
accuracy and precision.
(b) Write a brief note on ‘Funnel
Experiment’.
Answer.
Accuracy is defined as, "The ability of a measurement to match the
actual value of the quantity being measured". If in reality it is 34.0 F
outside and a temperature sensor reads 34.0 F, then than sensor is accurate.
Precision is defined as,
(1) The ability of a measurement to be consistently reproduced.
(2) The number of significant
Q5. Define the terms: ‘process
capability’ and ‘process stability’. Explain Cp index and Cpk index.
Answer. Process Stability refers to the consistency of the
process with respect to important process characteristics such as the average
value of a key dimension or the variation in that key dimension. If the process
behaves consistently over time, then we say that the process is stable or in
control. The graphic below illustrates a stable process. The process
Q6. Give the meaning of the
following:
i) Hypothesis testing
ii) Control chart
iii) Experimental design
iv) Acceptance Sampling
Answer. i) Hypothesis testing: A statistical hypothesis is a
hypothesis that is testable on the basis of observing a process that is modeled
via a set of random variables.A statistical hypothesis test is a method of
statistical inference. Commonly, two statistical data sets are compared, or a
data set obtained by sampling is compared against a synthetic data set from an
idealized model. A hypothesis is proposed for the statistical relationship
between the two
FALL-2015
Get solved
assignments at nominal price of Rs.125 each.
Any issues
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08894344452
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