ML0013–Retail IT Management

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Summer-2013

Master of Business Administration- MBA Semester 1

ML0013–Retail IT Management-4 Credits

(Book ID: B1764)

Assignment (60 Marks)

Note: Answer all questions (with 300 to 400 words each) must be written within 6-8 pages. Each Question carries 10 marks 6 X 10=60

Q1. Explain the various factors affecting the use of IT applications in the retail industry?

Ans. Factors:-

The financial resources available to the organization

Many a times, the financial resources available to the firm for investment in technology are a crucial differentiating factor. The retailers in mature markets may invest significantly higher amounts in technology than their Indian counterparts. In India investment in technology varies significantly with the size of operations and the estimated payback period.

Q2. What is the impact of e-retailing in the travel and tourism sector?

Ans. Moving from traditional way to technological way is not easy so in order to adapt e-commerce huge investment on Information Technological (IT) have to done along with this staffs have to be trained accordingly. It is not always possible for small and medium size companies to invest huge amount and get skill human resource people. Some countries have different rules and regulation for e-commerce business rather than traditional ways.

Q3. What is RFID technology and how does it work?

Ans. RFID is an acronym for "radio-frequency identification" and refers to a technology whereby digital data encoded in RFID tags or smart labels (defined below) are captured by a reader via radio waves. RFID is similar to bar-coding in that data from a tag or label are captured by a device that stores the data in a database.

Q4. Describe the various features of retail software.

Ans. Retail Management Software Solutions can help in boosting your sales and reducing the cost thereby increasing profit margins. It can help both directly and indirectly in helping you gain and retain customers. You can secure key information on transactions, taxes, customer details, etc. The easing of complicated processes results in swift service which results in customer satisfaction. Your customers will give you repeated business, if technology assists you in serving them better.

Q5. Briefly describe the steps involved in designing a database.

Ans. Steps:-

Determine the purpose of the database - This helps prepare for the remaining steps.

Analysis: The process of creating a conceptual data model independent of the target database technology. Resultant is an ER model.

Q6. Explain the various types of networks.

Ans. Types:-

1. Global area network

A global area networks (GAN) specification is in development by several groups, and there is no common definition. In general, however, a GAN is a model for supporting mobile communications across an arbitrary number of wireless LANs, satellite coverage areas, etc. The key challenge in mobile communications is "handing off" the user communications from one local coverage area to the next. In IEEE Project 802, this involves a succession of terrestrial WIRELESS local area networks (WLAN).

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PM0010 – Introduction to Project Management

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Summer-2013

Master of Business Administration- MBA Semester 3

PM0010–Introduction to Project Management-4 Credits

(Book ID: B1236)

Assignment (60 Marks)

Note: Answer all questions (with 300 to 400 words each) must be written within 6-8 pages. Each Question carries 10 marks 6 X 10=60

Q1. Describe the strategy planning tools of Ansoff matrix and BCG matrix.

Answer. Use and Factors:-

Igor Ansoff suggested that business owners’ ability to grow their businesses comes down to how they market new or existing products in new or existing markets. He outlines four distinct strategies:

- Market Penetration – selling more of the same things to more of the same customers

- Market Development – selling more of the same things to different customers.

Q2. Describe the approaches used to screen projects.

Answer. 1. Earlier approaches:-

The marketing orientation evolved from earlier orientations, namely, the production orientation, the product orientation and the selling orientation.

Orientation	Profit driver	Western European timeframe	Description
Marketing	Needs and wants of customers	1970s to the present day	The 'marketing orientation' is perhaps the most common orientation used in contemporary marketing. It involves a firm essentially basing its marketing plans around the marketing concept, and thus supplying products to suit new consumer tastes.

Q3. Explain any 3 parameters analyzed during technical analysis of a project.

Answer. The analysis for determining the technical viability of the development project is based on the technical data and information given in the PC-I form as well as the earlier experience of carrying out similar projects. The technical tests and yard-sticks to be used to determine the technical viability differ from project to project and from sector to sector. In cases where high level technology is involved and the country has little or no experience, foreign consultants are also employed to prepare the feasibility studies.

Q4. Write short notes on Cost Breakdown Structure (CBS).

Answer. A cost breakdown structure (CBS) is simply a way of breaking down and organizing costs in a structured fashion. If you have experience with project management, you will probably be familiar with the concept of a work breakdown structure (WBS). The Mandrel CBS is very similar, but since Mandrel can be used for other applications besides project budgets, we use the more generic term cost breakdown structure.

Q5. Briefly explain the different steps or methodologies of project risk management?

Answer. Strategy is fluid, continuous, and iterative and can be broken down into logical steps or elements:

1. Goal Setting - The First Step

We cannot begin to think about a strategy until we have objectives that are prioritized and are based on our business, our markets, and how value is created in our organization. These objectives are aimed at maximizing the value of the organization to the shareholders, with the critical factor being time. Even though we create a vision of the organization, say, twenty years out, the strategic plan considers only a three-year to five-year time horizon.

Q6. Briefly describe the key project contracts under SPV (Special Purpose Vehicle) for infrastructure projects.

Answer. Project financing in the form of Public Private Partnership (PPP), Asset Backed Securitization (ABS) are now becoming popular and in some cases a mandatory investment technique. Projects have traditionally relied upon project finance techniques with debt being made available by commercial banks often from financial institutions and/or multilateral financing agencies.

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MU0010 – Manpower Planning and Resourcing

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Summer-2013

Master of Business Administration- MBA Semester 1

MU0010–Manpower Planning and Resourcing-4 Credits

(Book ID: B1765)

Assignment (60 Marks)

Note: Answer all questions (with 300 to 400 words each) must be written within 6-8 pages. Each Question carries 10 marks 6 X 10=60

Q1. Explain the need for manpower planning. What are the obstacles in manpower planning?

Answer. Human resource planning means deciding the number and type of the human resource required for each job, unit and the total company for a particular future date in order to carry-out organizational activities. Personnel management is productive exploitation of manpower resources.  This is also termed as ‘Manpower Management'.  Manpower Management is choosing the proper type of people as and when required. It also takes into account the upgrading in existing people. Manpower Management starts with manpower planning.

Q2. What are the objectives of human resource accounting (HRA)? What are the methods of human resource accounting? Explain the cost based approach of HRA.

Answer. Human resource is an important asset in the organization whose value goes on increasing with its right placement, application and development in the organization. In spite of vast physical resources with latest technology, an organization may quite often find itself in financial crisis if it does not have the right persons to manage its affairs. Thus human resource is a very valuable asset for the organization which aims to progress in all directions amidst heavy competition.

Q3. What are the objectives of recruitment? Explain recruitment process.

Answer. Recruitment refers to the process of attracting, screening, selecting, and on boarding a qualified person for a job. At the strategic level it may involve the development of an employer brand which includes an 'employee offering'.

Objectives:

Ø  Support the organization ability to acquire, retain and develop the best talent and skills.

Q4. Describe the benefits of induction program. Explain the types of induction program.

Answer. An induction program is the process used within many businesses to welcome new employees to the company and prepare them for their new role.

Induction training should, according to TPI-theory, include development of theoretical and practical skills, but also meet interaction needs that exist among the new employees.

A typical induction program will include at least some of the following:

Ø  Any legal requirements (for example in the, some Health and Safety training is obligatory)

Q5. What do you mean by career management? Explain career planning process.

Answer. Career management is the lifelong process of investing resources to achieve your career goals. Career management is not a singular event but a continuing process that is a necessity for adapting to the changing demands of the 21st Century economy.

Meaning of career planning:

Ø  Career Planning is the systematic process by which one selects career goals and the path to these goals.

Ø  Career planning is the process of matching career goals and individual capabilities with opportunities for their fulfillment.

Q6. Mention the causes of employee turnover. Explain the employee exit process.

Answer. Employee turnover is the difference in the rate of employees leaving a company and new employees filling up their positions. Nowadays, it is becoming a major problem among most of the companies, especially in low-paying jobs. There are many aspects that play a significant role in the employee turnover rate of a particular company. Such aspects can stem from both the company as well as the employees. The employers generally give more importance to the turnover rate, as it is a very expensive aspect of the business.

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ML0012–Store Operations

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Summer-2013

Master of Business Administration- MBA Semester 1

ML0012–Store Operations-4 Credits

(Book ID: B1763)

Assignment (60 Marks)

Note: Answer all questions (with 300 to 400 words each) must be written within 6-8 pages. Each Question carries 10 marks 6 X 10=60

Q1. Explain Pre-Store opening activities and State at least 10 pre-store opening activities that should be ideally carried out in a retail store?

Ans. Pre-Store opening activity

There are a number of things to learn about before opening a retail store. Launching such a venture involves steps like market research, business plan development and financial planning. Understanding what it takes to start and run a business before you move forward will increase your chances at success. For best results, read through economic indicators of the local retail market for the past several years, and learn about projections for the retail market in the

Q2. What are the functions of a store manager?

Ans. Functions:-

1. Recruiting - employees for the store is the store manager’s prime responsibility. He not only has to hire the right candidates for the store but also train them for their overall development. He must ensure that all the employees (floor manager, department manager, cashier and so on) contribute to their level best for the effective functioning of the store. He must act as a strong pillar of support and stand by his team at the hour of crisis.

Q3. What does an optimum store layout ensure?

Ans. Factors:-

1. Minimize counters.

Bob Phibbs, owner of the Retail Doctor, says store counters often separate the store owner or sales clerk from customers, at least psychologically. This doesn’t benefit merchants, because it creates an “us vs. them” mentality and sends the wrong signals. Phibbs suggests that owners ask unoccupied staff to wander the sales floor, posing as shoppers.

Q4. Write a note on any two types of classification on the basis of the nature of merchandise.

Ans. Classification on basis of Nature of Merchandise:-

1. Costing and Counting the Inventory

A business must include in the inventory amount all the goods they legally own. The price is more than just the purchase cost. Transportation charges to get the goods to where they are to be sold are also included in the cost of merchandise.

Q5. Define standardization and explain the levels of standardization.

Ans. Standardization can be defined as reducing, simplifying, and organizing matters which are apt to become diversified, complicated, and chaotic if left uncontrolled. Standards can be defined as rules specified by standardization. There are mandatory standards and voluntary standards, but generally voluntary ones are referred to as standards.・

Q6. How does a store control the quality of its merchandise?

Ans. Steps involved in the quality control process:-

1) Project definition

The project manager identifies a team of people who can perform quality related tasks. A quality control team is better than doing it with inexperienced staff. The quality control team evaluates and controls the level of quality of the output.

The quality assurance process is independent of any interference. A set of rules and principles dictate the course of action in quality assurance. Quality assurance people may have a matrix

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ML0011–Buying and Merchandising

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Summer-2013

Master of Business Administration- MBA Semester 1

ML0011–Buying and Merchandising-4 Credits

(Book ID: B1762)

Assignment (60 Marks)

Note: Answer all questions (with 300 to 400 words each) must be written within 6-8 pages. Each Question carries 10 marks 6 X 10=60

Q1. Explain the various principles of an ideal merchandising giving suitable examples for each?

Ans. Merchandising

Merchandising is a term used in marketing to denote all those sales- promotion activities that aim to generate the customer’s interest in the product or service other than conventional press and television advertising, direct mail or the use of PR. The purpose of merchandising is to bring product and customer into the closest possible proximity in order that the attributes of the merchandise may become fully apparent and, in effect, sell them.

Q2. Enumerate the category management strategies that are used by retailers to ensure a smooth category management process.

Ans. Category management

Marketing strategy in which a full line of products (instead of the individual products or brands) is managed as a strategic business unit (SBU). It is based on the concept that a marketing manager is better able to judge consumer buying patterns and market trends by focusing on the entire product category.

Q3. Discuss the concept of open-to-buy system. How do you calculate open-to-buy for the past and current period?

Ans. Good inventory control is critical to ensuring an adequate level of stock is on hand for the amount of sales being generated. Having too much inventory (or the wrong type) during certain periods can slow your cash flow and reduce profits with too many markdowns. On the other hand, if you under buy and miss sales opportunities then you are not making your potential profit. A retailer can be sure to stock the right amount of the right products at the right time by using an Open-To-Buy (OTB) plan.

Q4. Enumerate some merits and demerits of Formal Buying Organization, Informal Buying Organization, Centralized Buying & Decentralized Buying along with diagrammatic representation of functions and attributes of the buying department.

Ans. Both types of structures exist within most companies. The advantages and disadvantages of each will only really become apparent if there isn't a good balance between them.

Informal structures sometimes arise because the formal structure does not meet the business requirements - also, where the two conflict problems can arise. e.g. the leader of the informal organization may not lead the formal organization.

Q5. Enumerate the first 5 steps in Merchandise Buying and Handling Process.

Ans. The first step in the merchandise purchasing process deals with determining the type of channel to be used for purchasing each line of merchandise. The retailer can consider different sources of supply: raw-resource producers, manufacturers, wholesalers and resident purchasing offices.

The second step in the merchandise purchasing process involves contacting the various sources of supply. Both the vendor and the retailer can initiate the contact process.

Q6. ‘Selecting an appropriate vendor is the key step in the success of an enterprise’.

Ans. 1. Analyze the Business Requirements

The first task that the vendor selection team needs accomplish is to define, in writing, the product, material or service that you are searching for a vendor. Next define the technical and business requirements. Also, define the vendor requirements. Finally, publish your document to the areas relevant to this vendor selection process and seek their input. Have the team analyze the comments and create a final document. In summary:

Ø  Assemble an Evaluation Team

Ø  Define the Product, Material or Service

Ø  Define the Technical and Business Requirements

Ø  Define the Vendor Requirements

Ø  Publish a Requirements Document for Approval

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ML0010–Warehousing and Supply Chain Managemen

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Summer-2013

Master of Business Administration- MBA Semester 1

ML0010–Warehousing and Supply Chain Management-4 Credits

(Book ID: B1761)

Assignment (60 Marks)

Note: Answer all questions (with 300 to 400 words each) must be written within 6-8 pages. Each Question carries 10 marks 6 X 10=60

Q1. What do you mean by warehousing and what are the attributes of Ideal Warehousing?

Ans. Storage of goods is facilitated by a network of warehouse specially built for this purpose. It renders a great deal of services to the producers and middlemen because warehousing is concerned with the assumption of risks and responsibility for storage of goods. A warehouse denotes an establishment for storage and accumulation of goods. Thus a warehouse is an arrangement by which goods are stored when they are not immediately needed and are kept in such a manner that they are protected from deterioration.

Q2. Examine the fundamental dimensions of customer service.

Ans. 1. 24 Hour Call Service

Do you accept calls any time of day? Depending on your business, a 24 hour call line can be the difference between getting more business or sending customers to the competition. For instance, do you run a plumbing business? Unfortunately, for your customers, plumbing emergencies do not just happen during business hours. Consider a phone line that

Q3. Discuss the major drivers of supply chain performance briefly.

Ans. Executives have discovered the impact on business performance that can be achieved by effectively managing their supply chains. Nevertheless, a recent study shows that only a fraction of today's supply chains are managed efficiently. One important reason is the mounting challenges faced by executives. These include globalization and outsourcing, a significant increase in supply and demand uncertainties, more products with short life cycles and the proliferation of products in today's markets.

Q4. Enumerate the three basic steps involved in the achievement of strategic fit.

Ans. Strategic fit means that the competitive and strategic value chains have the same goals. This means that there is consistency between the priorities of customers who are expected to be met by the competitive strategy and supply chain capabilities that can be built with the supply chain strategy.

Q5. What are the basics of strategic supply chain management and also enlist the imperatives for the supply chain strategy?

Ans. The concept of Supply Chain Management is based on two core ideas.

The first is that practically every product that reaches an end user represents the cumulative effort of multiple organizations. These organizations are referred to collectively as the supply chain.

The second idea is that while supply chains have existed for a long time, most organizations have only paid attention to what was happening within their “four walls.” Few businesses

Q6. Explain the various factors that are taken into view while assessing and scoring the suppliers.

Ans. 1. Cost

Look at the cost of the product that this supplier provides. How does this compare with the other firms that you're considering? Most people consider cost to be a key factor when choosing a supplier. However, cost is in the middle of the 10 Cs list for a reason: other factors, such as a commitment to quality and financial health, can potentially affect your business much more than cost alone, particularly if you will be relying on the supplier on an

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MK0010 – Sales, Distribution and Supply Chain Management

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Summer-2013

Master of Business Administration- MBA Semester 1

MK0010–Sales, Distribution and Supply Chain Management-4 Credits

(Book ID: B1721)

Assignment (60 Marks)

Note: Answer all questions (with 300 to 400 words each) must be written within 6-8 pages. Each Question carries 10 marks 6 X 10=60

Q1. How to manage a company’s sales force?

Answer. Sales force management systems are information systems used in CRM marketing and management that help automate some sales and sales force management functions. They are often combined with a marketing information system, in which case they are often called customer relationship management (CRM) systems.

You need to consider the following:

1. Engagement Type: How will we engage with our community members?

Q2. Explain Gap analysis with SERVQUAL model.

Answer. The most eminent instrument in attempting to systematize the service quality is “The gap model “of service or Servqual developed by Parshuraman et al (1985). This conceptual framework was developed initially to measure customer perception of service quality for the financial service sectors but later extended to sectors such as hospitality,

Q3. Write short notes on:

A. Elements of Physical Distribution (any four)

B. Patterns of Distribution

Answer. A. (1) Warehousing: In order to provide service to the distribution channel, the manufacturer must maintain some warehousing facilities. The alternatives range from one in plant facility to a large network of local warehouses. Although customer service usually improves as the number of warehouses increases, the average size of the warehouse decreases. Smaller warehouses can lead to reduced efficiency and increased total costs, which ultimately could have a negative effect on the quality of customer service.

Q4. Explain three components of Supply chain management.

Answer. Supply chain management (SCM) is the management of an interconnected or interlinked between network, channel and node businesses involved in the provision of product and service packages required by the end customers in a supply chain. Supply chain management spans the movement and storage of raw materials, work-in-process inventory, and finished goods from point of origin to point of consumption. It is also defined as the

Q5. Define Aggregate Planning and its strategies to meet demand and supply.

Answer. In the spectrum of production planning, aggregate planning is intermediate-range capacity planning that typically covers a time horizon of 2 to 12 months, although in some companies it may extend to as much as 18 months. It is particularly useful for organizations that experience seasonal or other fluctuations in demand or capacity. The goal of aggregate planning is to achieve a production plan that will effectively utilize the organization’s

Q6. Explain the challenges faced by International Sales Managers.

Answer. Language Barriers

Ø  The biggest, most common managerial challenge when it comes to working internationally is a language barrier. While most executives are fluent in a number of languages, there is no guarantee an entire office will speak your language. Even if you have some foreign language skills, it is different to try to conduct business in

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MF0010 – Security Analysis and Portfolio Management

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Summer-2013

Master of Business Administration- MBA Semester 4

MF0010–Security Analysis and Portfolio Management-4 Credits

(Book ID: 1759)

Assignment (60 Marks)

Note: Answer all questions (with 300 to 400 words each) must be written within 6-8 pages. Each Question carries 10 marks 6 X 10=60

Q1. Explain the characteristics of investment. Differentiate between investment and speculation.

Answer. Characteristics:-

1. Return: – All investments are characterized by the expectation of a return. In fact, investments are made with the primary objective of deriving a return. The return may be received in the form of yield plus capital appreciation. The difference between the sale price & the purchase price is capital appreciation. The dividend or interest received from the investment is the yield. Different types of investments promise different rates of return. The return from an investment depends upon the nature of investment, the maturity period & a host of other factors.

Q2. What do you understand by risk and measurement of risk? Explain the factors that affect risk.

Answer. Risk is the potential of loss (an undesirable outcome, however not necessarily so) resulting from a given action, activity and/or inaction. The notion implies that a choice having an influence on the outcome sometimes exists (or existed). Potential losses themselves may also be called "risks". Any human endeavor carries some risk, but some are much riskier than others.

Q3.Compare and contrast the fundamental and technical analysis.

Answer. Fundamental analysis of a business involves analyzing its financial statements and health, its management and competitive advantages, and its competitors and markets. When applied to futures and forex, it focuses on the overall state of the economy, interest rates, production, earnings, and management. When analyzing a stock, futures contract, or currency using fundamental analysis there are two basic approaches one can use; bottom up analysis and top down analysis.

Q4. Write the assumptions of CAPM. Explain the limitations of CAPM.

Answer. Assumptions:-

1. Aim to maximize economic utilities.

2. Are rational and risk-averse.

3. Are broadly diversified across a range of investments.

4. Are price takers, i.e., they cannot influence prices.

5. Can lend and borrow unlimited amounts under the risk free rate of interest.

Q5. Write about emerging markets. Explain the risks involved in international investing.

Answer. Emerging markets are nations with social or business activity in the process of rapid growth and industrialization. The economies of China and India are considered to be the largest. According to the Economist many people find the term outdated, but no new term has yet to gain much traction.

The defining features of emerging markets include at least the following factors. The markets are actively growing under governmental policies that favor a capitalist-style

Q6.What is economy analysis? Explain the factors to be considered in economy analysis.

Answer. A systematic approach to determining the optimum use of scarce resources, involving comparison of two or more alternatives in achieving a specific objective under the given assumptions and constraints.

Economic analysis takes into account the opportunity costs of resources employed and attempts to measure in monetary terms the private and social costs and benefits of a project to the community or economy.

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MB0051–Legal aspects of Business

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Summer-2013

Master of Business Administration- MBA Semester 1

MB0051–Legal aspects of Business-4 Credits

(Book ID: B1725)

Assignment (60 Marks)

Note: Answer all questions (with 300 to 400 words each) must be written within 6-8 pages. Each Question carries 10 marks 6 X 10=60

Q1. It is important for any person to know law as ignorance of law is no excuse. Modern Indian law has been derived from some sources. Discuss the primary and secondary sources of Indian law.

Answer. Primary Sources:-

The primary sources of Indian Law are:

Ø  Custom

Ø  Judicial precedent

Ø  Statute

Ø  Personal law

Custom

Customs have played an important role in making law and therefore are also known as customary laws. In the words of Keeton, customary law may be defined as “those rules of human action, established by usage and regarded as legally binding by those to whom the rules are applicable, which are adopted by the courts and applied as sources of law because

Q2. We all enter into many contracts in a day knowingly or unknowingly. Explain the definition of a valid contract. How are contracts classified?

Answer. A valid contract is a law binding agreement which will be signed by both parties. This contract will be valid. It is an agreement enforceable by law made between at least two parties by which rights are acquired by one and obligations are created on the part of another. If the party fails to do something on which it had agreed, then the other party has a remedy.

Q3. The parties to bailment have certain rights and duties. Discuss the duties of both parties i.e. the bailor and bailee.

Answer. The person delivering the goods is called the bailor. It is the bailor's duty to disclose to the bailee all faults in the goods bailed. The person to whom the goods are delivered is called the bailee. The bailee's duty is to take care of the goods bailed to him.

Duties of the Bailor:-

Ø  Explain the Defect:-

It is the basic duty of the bailor that he should disclose all the defects of the goods before delivering to bailee. If the bailor does not disclose then he himself will be responsible for loss.

Q4. A contract comprises of reciprocal promises. In a contract of sale who is an unpaid seller? Discuss the remedies for breach of contract under Sale of Goods Act, 1930.

Answer. Definition of unpaid seller:-

Seller: - A person who sells the goods or agrees to sell the goods is called seller.

Unpaid: - It means payment is not made or without payment.

In simple words, "Unpaid seller" means a person who has sold the goods for a price but price has not been paid to him.

 (i) When the whole of the price has not paid or tendered.

Q5. The Companies Act, 1956 deals with the formation and transaction of business of a company. Discuss the features of a company. Also explain the process of formation of a company.

Answer. The following are the main characteristics and distinctive features of a company form of enterprise:

1. An Association of Persons:

At least two persons or seven persons must come together to form a private or a public company respectively. A single individual cannot constitute a company. This is the reason why a company is called on Association of Persons.

Q6. With Information Technology Act, 2000, India has a set of cyber laws to provide legal infrastructure for e commerce. Discuss the objectives and limitations of this Act.

Answer. The main objectives of the Information Technology Act 2000 is to provide legal recognition for transactions carried out by means of electronic data interchange and other means of electronic communication, commonly referred to as E-commerce, which involve the use of alternatives to paper-based methods of communication and storage of information to facilitate electronic filing of documents with the government agencies.

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MB0050–Research Methodology

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Summer-2013

Master of Business Administration- MBA Semester 1

MB0050–Research Methodology-4 Credits

(Book ID: B1700)

Assignment (60 Marks)

Note: Answer all questions (with 300 to 400 words each) must be written within 6-8 pages. Each Question carries 10 marks 6 X 10=60

Q1. Explain the process of problem identification with an example.

Answer. Problem Identification Process

Have you ever deployed your best team to resolve a problem and have the team execute flawlessly, only to find that the problem that was solved did not address the customer’s real need? This common scenario is often the source of widespread customer dissatisfaction and is all too prevalent in today’s nonprofit business environment where valuable resources are needlessly and inadvertently wasted because problems are not accurately identified.

Q2. Interview method involves a dialogue between the Interviewee and the Interviewer. Explain the interview method of data collection. What are the uses of this technique? What are the different types of interviews?

Answer. Interview Method of Data Collection

Interview is verbal questioning. In research, Lindzey Gardner has defined interview as “a two-person conversation, initiated by the interviewer for the specific purpose of obtaining research-relevant information and focused by him on the content specified by the research objectives of description and explanation”.

Q3. A study of different sampling methods is necessary because precision, accuracy, and efficiency of the sample results depend on the method employed for selecting the sample. Explain the different types of Probability and Non-Probability sampling designs.

Answer.  Probability Sampling

A probability sampling method is any method of sampling that utilizes some form of random selection. In order to have a random selection method, you must set up some process or procedure that assures that the different units in your population have equal probabilities of being chosen.

Q4. a. Differentiate between descriptive and inferential analysis of data.

b. Explain with examples various measures of Central Tendency.

Answer. A. Statistical procedures can be divided into two major categories: descriptive statistics and inferential statistics.

Descriptive Statistics

Descriptive statistics is the term given to the analysis of data that helps describe, show or summarize data in a meaningful way such that, for example, patterns might emerge from the data. Descriptive statistics do not, however, allow us to make conclusions beyond the data we have analyzed or reach conclusions regarding any hypotheses we might have made. They are simply a way to describe our data.

Q5. The chi-square test is widely used in research. Discuss the various applications of chi-square test. Under what conditions is this test applicable?

Answer. Chi-square is a statistical test commonly used to compare observed data with data we would expect to obtain according to a specific hypothesis. For example, if, according to Mendel's laws, you expected 10 of 20 offspring from a cross to be male and the actual observed number was 8 males, then you might want to know about the "goodness to fit" between the observed and expected.

Q6.What is analysis of variance? What are the assumptions of the technique? Give a few examples where this technique could be used.

Answer. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) is a collection of statistical models used to analyze the differences between group means and their associated procedures (such as "variation" among and between groups). In ANOVA setting, the observed variance in a particular variable is partitioned into components attributable to different sources of variation. In its simplest form, ANOVA provides a statistical test of whether or not the means of several groups are equal, and therefore generalizes t-test to more than two groups. Doing multiple two-sample t-tests would result in an increased chance of committing a type I error. For this reason

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IB0013–Export Import management

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Summer-2013

Master of Business Administration- MBA Semester 4

IB0013–Export Import management-4 Credits

(Book ID: 1201)

Assignment (60 Marks)

Note: Answer all questions (with 300 to 400 words each) must be written within 6-8 pages. Each Question carries 10 marks 6 X 10=60

Q1. When you establish an export firm, there are various regulations which have to be followed. List the steps in establishment of an export import firm. Explain the procedure for allotment of IEC number.

Answer. In continuation to our first installment which covered how to start and map out an import/export business, here we provide the sales and distribution aspects of establishing an import/export business.

• Price the product.

The business model for an import/export business is based on two critical elements within the international sales operation.

1. Volume (number of units sold).

2. Commission on that volume.

Q2. Export documentation is very important aspect of export activity both for flow of goods and payment. List the principal and auxiliary export documents. Explain any one document from these in detail.

Answer. Principal export Documents:-

1. Export documents: Presented at the port of exit, includes the names and addresses of the principals involved the destination of the goods a full description of the goods and their declared value.

2. Consular Invoice or Certificate of Origin: Some countries consular invoices obtained from the country’s consulate and returned with two to eight copies in the language of the country along with copies of other required documents (e.g. import licenses, commercial invoice and

Q3. The export goods have to travel a long distance before they reach importer. What are the various kinds of cargo risks during transit of goods and how it can be covered?

Answer. These risks are explained more fully below:-

1. Transport Risk

For a better transport risk management, an importer must ensure that the goods supplied by the exporter is insured. Whether the goods are transported by Sea or by Air, the risk can be covered by Insurance. It is always advisable to set out the agreement between the parties as to the type of cover to be obtained in the Contract of Sale.

Q4. List the functions and explain the various risks covered under Export Credit Guarantee Corporation.

Answer. The Export Credit and Guarantee Corporation were set up as a Government undertaking in 1964 on the recommendation of a study group on export finance. It works on ‘no profit no loss’ basis. The main functions of the corporation are to provide insurance to export risks and to finance exports. E.C.G.C. helps exporters by furnishing guarantees to the financial banks in order to enable them to provide sufficient credit facilities.

Q5. The goods must be cleared by Customs authority of the country for export and import. Explain the meaning of shipping bill. What are the steps involved in custom clearance of shipment of goods by sea.

Answer. Shipping bill

Customs document used where drawback is claimed, such as on goods exported or on dutiable goods transshipped or re-exported from a bonded warehouse. It serves basically as a statistical record. A bill of materials is a list that specifies the parts used to build a product. When a company produces a product, it must keep track of the materials and components used in its creation. This bill of materials must be included with the product before shipping

Q6. What do you mean by pre-shipment finance? Enumerate the RBI guidelines regarding pre-shipment finance.

Answer. Pre-shipment is also referred as “packing credit”. It is working capital finance provided by commercial banks to the exporter prior to shipment of goods. The finance required to meet various expenses before shipment of goods is called pre-shipment finance or packing credit.

Financial assistance extended to the exporter from the date of receipt of the export order till the date of shipment is known as pre-shipment credit. Such finance is extended to an

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