Friday 24 June 2016

PM0013-Managing Human Resources in Projects

Spring-2016
Get solved assignments at nominal price of Rs.125 each.
Mail us at: subjects4u@gmail.com or contact at
09882243490
Master of Business Administration - MBA Semester 3
PM0013-Managing Human Resources in Projects
(Book ID: B1939)
Assignment (60 Marks)
Note: Answers for 10 marks questions should be approximately of 400 words. Each question is followed by evaluation scheme. Each Question carries 10 marks 6 X 10=60.
Q1. Write short notes on:
Ø  Project resources
Ø  Need for human resource management
Ø  Project manager
Answer. Project Resources:
Project resources are the materials and assets that are required to execute a project. These can be human resources, funds, machineries, equipment, and physical facilities. A project plan cannot be put into action if the resources are allocated and utilized properly. Therefore, a project manager should ensure sufficient allocation and efficient utilization of project resources.

Q2. What are the major challenges in developing an efficient project team?
List the major challenges in developing an efficient project team
Briefly explain the 9 major challenges in developing an efficient project team
Answer. Challenges in developing a project team:
1. Type of organisation: The biggest challenge in developing a project team depends largely on the type of organisation. For example, motivating and developing a team/member in a functional organisation is very difficult as resources are borrowed and it takes time for them to adjust in the project team. Also, their final assessment and growth is assessed by their functional manager and not by the project

Q3. Write short notes on:
Ø  Skills required by a project manager
Ø  Delphi technique of estimating manpower requirements of projects
Ø  Importance of leadership in project management
Ø  Goal setting theory
Answer. Skills required by a project manager:
Shared vision: An effective project manager should have a common and clear vision to obtain the project objectives within a stipulated time period.
Integrity: Integrity refers to the characteristic of honesty, reliability, morality and uprightness. It is established when people act for the right reason, regardless of results. Project managers, with the

Q4. What measures would you follow to deal with poor performers?
Answer. In a project where multiple people work on different tasks, it may not possible for everyone to meet or exceed the desired performance standard. Sometimes, there may be employees whose performance level is below, average or poor. They may not fulfil the set performance standards, and this may affect the project and overall performance of an organisation in the

Q5. Explain various types of collective bargaining.
Answer. Collective bargaining is the negotiation process that takes place between an employer and a group of employees when certain issues arise. The employees rely on a union member to represent them during the bargaining process, and the negotiations often relate to regulating such issues as working conditions, employee safety, training, wages, and layoffs.

Q6. Safety Issues in K.P. Metals
K.P. Metals is a leading automotive part manufacturing organisation based out of Manesar. It deals in manufacturing of automotive spare parts and supplies these parts to leading automotive organisations in India. There is a dedicated HR/IR department that takes care of all employee issues including safety issues. The number of accidents at the work-place of K.P. Metals showed a considerable increase in last 3 months. As a result there has been an increase not only in the cost but also in the legal suits against the organisation and also. This baffled management. hired a safety consultant to contain the increasing number of accidents. The safety consultant conducted organisation wide study of the safety policy, types of past accidents and also interviewed some of the employees to understand their perspective on the safety-policy.
After collating the data, the consultant found that the safety policy was drafted in a standard format and was not in accordance with the nature of job the employees were doing. The safety policy clearly mentioned that the wet floor should have a signage board with “Wet floor, Mind your steps” clearly mentioned on it. There was no such signage board in the work floor. The safety policy also clearly mentioned that no worker should be allowed to enter the workplace without the helmet even if the worker is not working on the machine. There were many workers who were working without helmets on dangerous machines. The safety consultant with help of HR/IR department, project managers, inputs from the employees drafted a new customized safety policy and used different inside-marketing tools to communicate the same across organisation. The new safety policy categorically mentioned the rewards and punishments for not abiding by the safety norms. It also made the supervisors responsible for any non adherence to the safety norms by workers. There was a subsequent decrease in the number of accidents as soon as the new safety policy was introduced.
Discussion questions:
1. Read the case and discuss what else could be incorporated in the safety policy to ensure a safe work environment.
2. What were the flaws in the previous safety policy and how the new safety policy addressed those flaws?
Answer. National Policy on Safety, Health and Environment at workplace
On 20th February, 2009, the Government of India declared a National Policy on Safety, Health and Environment at Workplace. The noticeable features of the National Policy are:
Ø  Safe and healthy working environment as an essential human right.
Ø  Enhanced well-being of the employees and the society at large by eradicating work related injuries and diseases.
Ø  Continuous reduction in the occurrence of work related injuries and diseases.

Spring-2016
Get solved assignments at nominal price of Rs.125 each.
Mail us at: subjects4u@gmail.com or contact at
09882243490


PM0012-Project Finance and Budgeting

Spring-2016
Get solved assignments at nominal price of Rs.125 each.
Mail us at: subjects4u@gmail.com or contact at
09882243490
Master of Business Administration - MBA Semester 3
PM0012-Project Finance and Budgeting
(Book ID: B1938)
Assignment (60 Marks)
Note: Answers for 10 marks questions should be approximately of 400 words. Each question is followed by evaluation scheme. Each Question carries 10 marks 6 X 10=60.
Q1. Explain different requirement of resources in a project. Identify the resources that may be required in a telecommunication project.
Answer. Resources are required to accomplish project objectives. Without them, one cannot imagine to complete any project. They are the means or inputs to produce valuable output and complete the scope set out to be achieved by the project. These resources can be people, equipment, facilities, funds or anything else required for the completion of a project.  According to Project Management Institute,

Q2. Answer the following questions:
1. What is a Letter of Intent (LOI)? What is its purpose?
2. What are the basic features of EPC (Engineering, Procurement and Construction) contracts? Give any 4 advantages of entering into an EPC contract?
1. a. Define LOI
b. List any 4 purposes of LOI
2. a. briefly explain the 3 basic features of EPC contracts
b. List any 4 advantages of entering into EPC contracts
Answer. a. A Letter Of Intent (LOI) may be defined as an agreement between two or more parties to do business together before signing the contract. It signifies an intention to do the business at later date. It is the first step in negotiation of a commercial transaction to agree upon the business terms of the transaction.

Q3. Explain the different key project documents.
Answer. Project management can create a lot of paperwork, and it’s not always the stuff you want or need. Let’s talk about the essentials. Here are nine documents that no self-respecting project should be without.
Q4. Write short notes on:
Ø  Developments in financing of construction projects in India.
Ø  Importance of cost of capital in project selection.
Ø  Principles employed by organisations to manage working capital
Answer. Developments in financing of construction projects in India:
Indian construction is in a nascent stage as compared to other developed countries, such as US or UK. India lacks in basic constructions, such as highways, airports and seaports. The Indian government is striving to

Q5. What are the problems associated with BOOT projects.
Answer. Build, Own, Operate, Transfer (BOOT)
A BOOT funding model involves a single organisation, or consortium (BOOT provider) designing, building, funding, owning and operating the scheme for a defined period of time and then transferring this ownership across to an agreed party.
Customers enter into long term supply contracts with the BOOT operator and are charged accordingly

Q6. What is project risk? List some risks associated with a construction project and a telecom project. Discuss the similarities and the differences.
Answer. Risk can be defined as any uncertain event that leads to losses. It is the probability or threat of damage, liability, loss or any other negative occurrence. A project risk is any event that may act as a constraint in successful
Spring-2016
Get solved assignments at nominal price of Rs.125 each.
Mail us at: subjects4u@gmail.com or contact at
09882243490



PM0011-Project Planning and Scheduling

Spring-2016
Get solved assignments at nominal price of Rs.125 each.
Mail us at: subjects4u@gmail.com or contact at
09882243490
Master of Business Administration - MBA Semester 3
PM0011-Project Planning and Scheduling
(Book ID: B1937)
Assignment (60 Marks)
Note: Answers for 10 marks questions should be approximately of 400 words. Each question is followed by evaluation scheme. Each Question carries 10 marks 6 X 10=60.
Q1. Write short note on:
Ø  Hierarchy of organisational objectives
Ø  Porter model a tool for identifying investment opportunities
Ø  Design phase of project management life cycle
Ø  Scope change
Answer. Hierarchy of organisational objectives:

Q2. Budget Estimation of ABC Company Ltd.
ABC Company Ltd., established in 1985, is engaged in the manufacturing of leather accessories. Over the years, the company, which started out as a local firm, has made its mark as an international corporation. However, the company is still working as a traditional set up.
The high quality and durability of products have increased the demand of the products in the market. As the production of the organisation is being increased to meet the demand, the traditional set up is creating hurdles in the production process.
Organisation conflicts have arisen among the team members because of the unorganized hierarchical structure of the company, which is affecting the output of the organisation. Now that the management has decided to expand the business and opened up branches abroad, the company is facing two more problems. The first problem is in budgeting as the company is unfamiliar with international market conditions, strategy, and business policy while the second problem is conflicts at the time of team formation due to lack of experience of and exposure to multinational work culture, which has further affected the output of the company.
The company can estimate the budget through two methods, the bottom - up approach and the top - down approach. The bottom -up approach is generally followed by the MNCs as it is more accurate and reliable.
Mr.Parag has been appointed as the country head of the company and he has also been assigned the responsibility of incorporating the advanced project set up in the organisation.
Questions:
1. Which project estimation approach should be used by the company and why?
2. What type of project organisation structure should be used by the company and why?
Answer. 1. Bottom-up estimating (also called detail or resource-driven estimating)
The estimator breaks a project into distinct line items, and then breaks those line items into smaller, distinct line items, and so on, until he or she arrives at the component (or resource) level – the level of detail at which the price of the components is relatively consistent across projects.
Top-down estimating (also called parametric estimating)
This approach typically relies on cost histories from past projects, and knowledge of the specific parameters of

Q3. What is the importance of operational feasibility? Explain the factors that affect operational feasibility.
Answer. Operational feasibility is as important as technical feasibility (or any other kind of feasibility for that matter), and yet it can be the first thing to get brushed under the carpet. The conversation changes and that ‘intelligent system’ everyone was discussing is transformed back into a mere ‘thing’: a deliverable to drop into the organisation. We’ll find out later if we can make it happen; if we can weave it into

Q4. Write short notes on:
Ø  Crashing
Ø  Precedence diagramming method
Ø  Resource allocation
Ø  Scope creep
Answer. Crashing: In order to reduce the duration of a project, organisations often assign additional resources to the project task. This technique of assigning additional resources to reduce the project duration is termed as crashing. According to BusinessDictionary.com, schedule crashing is "Reducing the completion
Q5. What do you understand by cost of quality? Elaborate on various types of costs of quality associated with a project.
Answer. Cost of Quality:
The “cost of quality” isn’t the price of creating a quality product or service. It’s the cost of NOT creating a quality product or service.
Every time work is

Q6. What do you understand by project scope? What are the various components of project scope? What is scope creep? Explain various reasons for scope creep.
Answer. Project scope: A detailed project scope description helps to determine the start and end dates, and major assumptions and constraints associated with the project. At times, stakeholder expectations are also included for determining the project milestones.
Spring-2016
Get solved assignments at nominal price of Rs.125 each.
Mail us at: subjects4u@gmail.com or contact at
09882243490


PM0010-Introduction to Project Management

Spring-2016
Get solved assignments at nominal price of Rs.125 each.
Mail us at: subjects4u@gmail.com or contact at
09882243490
Master of Business Administration - MBA Semester 3
PM0010-Introduction to Project Management
(Book ID: B1936)
Assignment (60 Marks)
Note: Answers for 10 marks questions should be approximately of 400 words. Each question is followed by evaluation scheme. Each Question carries 10 marks 6 X 10=60.
Q1. Define project and also elaborate different characteristics of a project?
What do you understand by Project Management and also discuss its objectives?
Definition of a Project and its characteristics - 5
Meaning of Project Management (PM) and objectives of PM - 5
Answer. The Project Management Institute (PMI) defines a project as “a temporary endeavour undertaken to create a unique product or service. Projects usually include constraints and risks regarding cost, schedule, or performance outcome.”

Q2. Explain in detail the stages of Project Management Lifecycle with examples?
Answer. Project Management Lifecycle
Project initiation
Initiation is the first phase of the project management lifecycle. In this phase, a project manager is assigned through the ‘project charter’ to plan the project so that the project can be completed within the stipulated time. The key purpose of this phase is to study the feasibility of the project. In addition, decisions are also made regarding the persons going to be associated with the project.




Q3. Explain the various types of project plans?
Write a short note on Financial Feasibility of a Project?
Types of project plans - 6
Financial Feasibility of a Project - 4
Answer. Types of Project Plans
Financial plan: When you talk of a financial plan, what comes to your mind? Doesn’t it occur to you that you use financial plan in your daily lives too? A good example of financial plan is your family budget. In project management, a financial plan estimates the required capital to execute the project plan. The financial plan indicates the total cost of the three M’s, namely Man, Materials and Machines so that a schedule related to their expenses could be prepared. This helps

Q4. Discuss any two types of Capital Budgeting Techniques in Project selection?
What are the activities performed by procurement management?
Capital Budgeting Techniques in Project selection - 5
Concept of Procurement Management - 5
Answer. Capital Budgeting Techniques in Project selection:
The ARR method
ARR is also known as Return on Investment (ROI). It is a traditional method of evaluating investment in a project. This method is significantly different from other methods of project selection as it deals with the accounting profit of a project rather than cash flow. It does not take

Q5. Discuss the concept and objectives of project evaluation?
Briefly explain the Planning-Monitoring-Controlling (PMC) Cycle?
Concept of Project evaluation – 2 , Objectives - 3
Explanation of Planning-Monitoring-Controlling (PMC) Cycle - 5
Answer. Concept of Project Evaluation
This term originated in the year 1842, and was derived from the French word ‘évaluation’, which means setting the value of or appraising. Hence, project evaluation can be defined as the process of comparing the actual advancement and performance of a project to the planned advancement and performance. It can also be called an interim assessment of a project at major milestones.
Q6. Discuss the importance of controlling and types of control?
Explain the different types of Project Termination?
Importance of Controlling and types of control - 5
Types of Project Termination - 5
Answer. Importance of Controlling
Creates better quality: Controlling helps in achieving customer satisfaction, which, in turn, improves the quality of the project. In the controlling process, the errors in the project are spotted and corrective measures are taken to rectify those errors.

Spring-2016
Get solved assignments at nominal price of Rs.125 each.
Mail us at: subjects4u@gmail.com or contact at
09882243490


MK0013-Marketing Research

Spring-2016
Get solved assignments at nominal price of Rs.125 each.
Mail us at: subjects4u@gmail.com or contact at
09882243490
Master of Business Administration - MBA Semester 3
MK0013-Marketing Research
(Book ID: B1711)
Assignment (60 Marks)
Note: Answer all questions must be written within 300 to 400 words each. Each Question carries 10 marks 6 X 10=60
Q1. What do you mean by research? State some of its characteristics.
Answer. Meaning of Research:

Research is a systematic and intensive study undertaken to:
Ø  Address the fundamental questions or
Ø  Find a solution to the existing problems.

It is an art of scientific investigation. It is also a systematic design collection analysis and reporting of the findings and solutions for the existing problems of a company. According to the Chambers 20th Century Dictionary, research is “Systematic investigation towards increasing the sum of knowledge." According to


Q2. Write a short note on the criteria of choosing a good research design.
Answer. The criteria of a good research design are:

Feasibility: Designs should be implemented in a correct form. The duration and sequence of events should be designed in a proper way. Problems should be anticipated in measurement, adherence to assignment


Q3. Explain comparative scales and its types.
Answer. In comparative scaling, the respondent is asked to compare one brand or product against another. Comparative scaling techniques help in direct comparison between stimulus objects. One of the main advantages of comparative scaling is the easy application by researcher and easy understanding by the respondent with fewer theoretical assumptions. The different types of Comparative scales widely used in marketing research are – Paired Comparison, Constant Sum Scale, Rank order and Q-sort as discussed


Q4. Explain various types of probability sampling techniques with suitable examples.
Answer. Classification


Q5. Analyse the steps involved in hypothesis testing.
Answer. Steps Involved in Hypothesis Testing:
1. Setting-up of hypothesis: The first step is to set up the decision making process. This involves specifying the null hypothesis (H0) and the alternative hypothesis (H).

2. Selecting a significance level: A


Q6. Write short notes on:
a)     Media planning
b)     Copy testing
Answer. a) Media Planning
Media planning is quite essential in establishing the best way to disperse advertisers’ message across to the consumer market through various media channels. In short, the main goal of the media plan is to find such combination of media resources, which facilitate the marketer to communicate their message effectively to the majority of potential clients or customers, at the lowest possible cost.

Spring-2016
Get solved assignments at nominal price of Rs.125 each.
Mail us at: subjects4u@gmail.com or contact at
09882243490


MK0012-Retail Marketing

Spring-2016
Get solved assignments at nominal price of Rs.125 each.
Mail us at: subjects4u@gmail.com or contact at
09882243490
Master of Business Administration - MBA Semester 3
MK0012-Retail Marketing
(Book ID: B1723)
Assignment (60 Marks)
Note: Answer all questions must be written within 300 to 400 words each. Each Question carries 10 marks 6 X 10=60
Q1. Explain the classifications of retail formats in detail with Indian examples.
Answer. Classifications of retail formats
Based on ownership:
1. Sole proprietorship: In this type, the business is owned and run by an individual. He enjoys the whole profit and assets and also is responsible for liability & losses. For example, if you start a small business with an investment of 5 lakhs and you open a grocery store, your ownership form is called sole proprietorship.
Q2. What is target marketing & what can be different types of target markets for retailers?
Answer. Instead of aiming a single product and marketing programme at the mass market, most companies identify relatively homogeneous segments and accordingly develop suitable products and marketing programmes matching the preferences of each segment. It should, however, be realized that all segments do not represent equally attractive opportunities for a company. Companies need to categorize segments according to their present and future attractiveness and their company’s strengths and

Q3. What are the different types of retail store locations? What are their advantages &disadvantages?
Answer. Retail store locations are classified into seven basic types:
Freestanding sites: A freestanding site is a retail location that is not connected to other retailers. However they might be near other freestanding retailers. Retailers with large space requirements, such as warehouse clubs and hypermarkets, are often freestanding. Example: Big Bazar, More, Mega Mart, etc. Advantages of freestanding locations are greater visibility, lower rents, ample parking, no direct competition, fewer restrictions on signs, working hours, or merchandise, and ease of expansion. The most

Q4. What do you understand by merchandise management?
Answer. Retail merchandising refers to the various activities which contribute to the sale of products to the consumers for their end use. Every retail store has its own line of merchandise to offer to the customers. The display of the merchandise plays an important role in attracting the customers into the store and prompting them to purchase as well. Merchandising helps in the attractive display of the

Q5. Describe Integrated Marketing Communication (IMC).Discuss the reasons for implementing IMC.
Answer. IMC is integrated management of different communication media to build positive and lasting relationships with consumers and other stakeholders. It is a customer-centric approach to marketing and branding that emphasises the use of various, intersecting forms of media and technology. IMC is based on a strategic planning process beginning with a complete knowledge of consumers and their various needs.

Q6. Write short notes on:
a)     Market entry method
b)     E-tailing
Answer. a. Market Entry Methods
Exporting: It involves products produced in one country being sold in another country. Its advantage is that it avoids substantial risks and costs of establishing manufacturing operations in 43 host country. It is not an economical procedure if the production can be done cheaper abroad. Moreover tariff barriers can
Spring-2016
Get solved assignments at nominal price of Rs.125 each.
Mail us at: subjects4u@gmail.com or contact at
09882243490



MK0011-Consumer Behaviour

Spring-2016
Get solved assignments at nominal price of Rs.125 each.
Mail us at: subjects4u@gmail.com or contact at
09882243490
Master of Business Administration - MBA Semester 3
MK0011-Consumer Behaviour
(Book ID: B1722)
Assignment (60 Marks)
Note: Answer all questions must be written within 300 to 400 words each. Each Question carries 10 marks 6 X 10=60
Q1. What is positioning & how does it benefit a brand?
Answer. Positioning is the perception of a brand or product in the mind of a target consumer and reflects the essence of that brand or product in terms of its functional and non-functional benefits as judged by the consumer. “7Up” was projected as the “un-cola” positioned as an alternative to the colas. Two simple words crystallised things in the consumers’ minds. HUL’s soap Lux is positioned as the “beauty soap” of

Q2. Discuss the importance of injecting emotions into advertisements. Give suitable examples.
Answer. “As long as your advertisement is noticed it does not matter what you say”, believe some advertisers as the importance of emotions in advertising has come to be recognised. This importance of emotions is primarily due to their ability to attract the attention of customers. Some researchers are of the opinion that the study of the importance and role of emotions on advertising, how emotional responses to advertising influence consumer behaviour, and what causes ads to evoke certain emotions is just in its

Q3. What is brand equity & how does it benefit the company?
Answer. Brand equity refers to the value integral to a well-known brand. It is the incremental value of a business above the value of its physical assets due to the market position achieved by its brand and the extension potential of the brand. Brand equity can be viewed from the perspective of investor, the manufacturer, the retailer or the consumer. Brand names add value to each of these groups. Investors
Q4. Discuss three component model of Attitudes. What is the relevance of this model to advertising objectives?
Answer. Three component model of Attitudes:
Cognitive component
Consumers’ beliefs about an attitude-object are the attributes they ascribe to it. These beliefs result from an individual’s cognitions or knowledge and perceptions obtained by experience with the attitude object and allied information. For most attitude objects, consumers have a number of beliefs and that a specific

Q5. Discuss the nature of family decision making.
Answer. Family decision-making
When two or more family members are directly or indirectly involved in the decision-making process, it is called family decision-making. Such family decisions differ from individual decisions in many ways. For example, consider the purchase of a bicycle for a child, some of the relevant aspects to think about can be: who recognises the need for bicycle? How is a brand selected? Some family purchases are inherently

Q6. Write short notes on:
a)     Approaches to ascertain consumer’s needs
b)     Store image
Answer.  a. Approaches to ascertain consumer’s needs
Generally it is believed that decision-making is the cognitive process of selecting a course of action from among multiple alternatives. The most common examples are shopping and deciding what to eat. Decision-making is said to be a psychological construct. It means that although one can never "see" a decision
Spring-2016
Get solved assignments at nominal price of Rs.125 each.
Mail us at: subjects4u@gmail.com or contact at
09882243490


MK0010-Sales, Distribution and Supply Chain Management

Spring-2016
Get solved assignments at nominal price of Rs.125 each.
Mail us at: subjects4u@gmail.com or contact at
09882243490
Master of Business Administration - MBA Semester 3
MK0010-Sales, Distribution and Supply Chain Management
(Book ID: B1721)
Assignment (60 Marks)
Note: Answer all questions must be written within 300 to 400 words each. Each Question carries 10 marks 6 X 10=60
Q1. Discuss the importance of Time and Territory management.
Answer. Importance of Time Management
Some of the tasks that a salesperson would be involved in normally comprise meeting customers, handling complaints, developing customer relationship, booking orders, collecting payments, gathering competitive intelligence, meeting channel partners and completing administrative paperwork. The key to managing time better relates to proper planning of activities by the salesperson. Proper planning relates to

Q2. What are the benefits of using relationship marketing?
Answer. Relationship Marketing:
It is a form of marketing which recognizes the long lasting relationships with the customers. It is not limited to advertising and sales promotional messages but much beyond that. Relationship marketing gives emphasis on customer retention and satisfaction rather than a dominant focus on selling part. The term relationship marketing is designed to build up strong connections with customers by providing them with information that suits their requirements and interests by having transparent conversation with him. Once




Q3. What are the functions of a wholesaler?
Answer. The wholesaler essentially purchases the goods from the producer, stocks them, and redistributes these to the other intermediaries like the retailers who subsequently sell them to the end-users or the customers. This function of the wholesaler enables:

Q4. Explain the demand management model.
Answer. Demand Management Model
In the present highly competitive business environment you need every advantage to succeed. There is a need to add value to the firm’s operations. This can be done through managing demand effectively from the demand side. As a result, an increasing number of companies are focused on developing demand management as a core competency. The demand management model looks at the processes involved in

Q5. Briefly describe the different processes involved in the purchase cycle.
Answer. Processes involved in the purchase cycle:
1. Purchasing receives the requisition: Orders are dependent on the manufacturer’s production schedule and the manufacturer, in turn, draws up this schedule on the basis of distributors’ orders and the current availability of finished goods in its warehouse. Suppliers are linked to the manufacturer’s production schedule – thus enabling them to plan their supplies based on this information. If a supplier has a large

Q6. Write short notes on:
a)     Outsourcing Supply Chain Operations
b)     Co-Makership
Answer. a. Outsourcing Supply Chain Operations
Of late, there has been a shift in the concept of procurement to strategic procurement. ‘Sourcing’ and ‘Outsourcing’ are its two components. Sourcing is the procurement of products or services from an external organization. ‘Outsourcing’ involves transfer, or sub-contracting, the management or execution of an entire business function to an external service provider. Till the end of the 1980s, the manufacture of



Spring-2016
Get solved assignments at nominal price of Rs.125 each.
Mail us at: subjects4u@gmail.com or contact at
09882243490